From the Section away from Epidemiology, Agencies from Treatments (Yards.An excellent.M., T.G., M.M.) and you can Agencies regarding Diet and you may Integrative Anatomy (P.Meters.G.), School off Utah, Salt River City; Department out of Medication, Ny University School out-of Medicine (J.Yards.B.); Welch Center getting Protection, Epidemiology and you may Scientific Look, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD (L.J.A.); and you may Agencies out-of Biostatistical Sciences, Wake Tree University of Treatments, Winston-Salem, NC (J.A.T.).

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On the Division regarding Epidemiology, Institution of Treatments (M.A.Yards., T.Grams., M.M.) and Institution out of Nutrition and you may Integrative Physiology (P.Meters.G.), College or university away from Utah, Salt River Town; Institution of Medication, Ny College or university College of Drug (J.M.B.); Welch Cardiovascular system getting Avoidance, Epidemiology and you may Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins College, Baltimore, MD (L.J.An excellent.); and you can Service out of Biostatistical Sciences, Aftermath Forest College of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC (J.An effective.T.).

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On Division off Epidemiology, Service out of Medicine (Meters.A.Yards., T.Grams., Meters.Meters.) and you can Agencies out of Nutrients and you will Integrative Structure (P.Meters.G.), University out of Utah, Sodium River Town; Agencies away from Drug, Ny College or university College off Treatments (J.M.B.); Welch Cardiovascular system to have Protection, Epidemiology and you can Scientific Search, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD (L.J.A beneficial.); and you will Department off Biostatistical Sciences, Aftermath Tree College regarding Drug, Winston-Salem, NC (J.An effective.T.).

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On Office out of Epidemiology, Agencies regarding Treatments (M.An effective.M., T.G., M.Meters.) and Agency from Nourishment and Integrative Anatomy (P.Yards.Grams.), College or university of Utah, Salt Lake City; Institution out-of Medication, New york School College out-of Medicine (J.M.B.); Welch Heart for Prevention, Epidemiology and you can Scientific Search, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD (L.J.An effective.); and you can Agencies regarding Biostatistical Sciences, Wake Forest College or university off Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC (J.A good.T.).

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Regarding Division out of Epidemiology, Agencies out of Medication (Yards.A good.Yards., T.G., M.Meters.) and Department off Nutrition and Integrative Structure (P.M.G.), College or university regarding Utah, Salt Lake Area; Agencies from Drug, Ny College College away from Treatments (J.Yards.B.); Welch Cardiovascular system to possess Prevention, Epidemiology and you can Logical Lookup, Johns Hopkins College or university, Baltimore, MD (L.J.An effective.); and Institution away from Biostatistical Sciences, Aftermath Forest College or university away from Drug, Winston-Salem, NC (J.An effective.T.).

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On the Section from Epidemiology, Company from Drug (M.A beneficial.Meters., T.G., Meters.Meters.) and you can Agencies regarding Diet and you will Integrative Anatomy (P.Yards.Grams.), College or university off Utah, Salt River Area; Company out of Medication, New york University University of Treatments (J.Yards.B.); Welch Heart to own Reduction, Epidemiology and you can Scientific Lookup, Johns Hopkins College or university, Baltimore, MD (L.J.An effective.); and you can Company of Biostatistical Sciences, Aftermath Tree School out-of Drug, Winston-Salem, NC (J.A great.T.).

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On the Division out-of Epidemiology, Service from Drug (Meters.A great.M., T.G., Meters.Yards.) and you can Institution from Nutrition and you will Integrative Physiology (P.M.G.), University off Utah, Salt River Town; Service off Drug, New york College University regarding Drug (J.Meters.B.); Welch Center to own Prevention, Epidemiology and you may Medical Search, https://datingranking.net/tr/swingstown-inceleme/ Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD (L.J.A beneficial.); and Agency out-of Biostatistical Sciences, Wake Forest University out-of Treatments, Winston-Salem, NC (J.A beneficial.T.).

Conceptual

Dietary Na recommendations are expressed as absolute amounts (mg/d) rather than as Na density (mg/kcal). Our objective was to determine whether the strength of the relationship of Na intake with blood pressure (BP) varied with energy intake. The DASH (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension)–Sodium trial was a randomized feeding trial comparing 2 diets (DASH and control) and 3 levels of Na density. Participants with pre- or stage 1 hypertension consumed diets for 30 days in random order; energy intake was controlled to maintain body weight. This secondary analysis of 379 non-Hispanic black and white participants used mixed-effects models to assess the association of Na and energy intakes with BP. The relationships between absolute Na and both systolic and diastolic BP varied with energy intake. BP rose more steeply with increasing Na at lower energy intake than at higher energy intake (P interaction<0.001). On the control diet with 2300 mg Na, both systolic and diastolic BP were higher (3.0 mm Hg; 95% confidence interval, 0.2–5.8; and 2.7 mm Hg; 95% confidence interval, 1.0–4.5, respectively) among those with lower energy intake (higher Na density) than among those with higher energy intake (lower Na density). The association of Na with systolic BP was stronger at lower levels of energy intake in both blacks and whites (P<0.001). The association of Na and diastolic BP varied with energy intake only among blacks (P=0.001). Sodium density should be considered as a metric for expressing dietary Na recommendations.